The Relationship between Gender and Modernism/Postmodernism

In late XIX – early XX century a total crisis gripped various areas of life – economy, politics and culture. However, the ideological ferment minds, lack of confidence in the future, premonition close historical and social change, although anxiety filled the souls of men, but encouraged to seek new ideals of life and creativity. Artists tried to find new forms adequate to reflect changes that had occurred primarily in human consciousness, and reach a new level of artistic creation values as they didn’t perceive the romanticism and realism means.Art of the first half of XX century primarily determines such things as decadence and modernism. Among many modernist writers, I would like to mention Ibsen and O ‘Conner, whose works are a reflection of real life and social problems. The status of women in society and family is considered to be one of these problems (Burgess 153). Henrik Ibsen is Norwegian playwright, whose work is considered the crowning achievemen t of so-called â€Å"middle-class drama†, which fell on the flowering of the XVIII century. However, he is considered the creator of the foundations of â€Å"new drama† – a new path in the development of world drama.What was a new Ibsen’s approach to reality? Ibsen was one of the first playwrights, who had shown a new society by making stress on the tragedy of human life not in individual acts of negative second part, and in life itself. He showed the tragedy of life, debunked the false morality. In the play â€Å"A Doll's House† not only the dream of the playwright about the family and the family comfort was embodied, but also a critical attitude towards society, which does not recognize women's equal rights with men. â€Å"A Doll's House† was an innovative product and the best example of â€Å"new drama†.In addition, it combines realism with modernist form of embodiment. It is also an intellectual and analytical piece, in which ther e is a problem of personality, which seeks to protect his identity, the right to dignity in modern drama society. The end of XIX century was marked by the development of feminist movements. This question provoked strong interest of society and was the subject of disputes in many families. So the play by Ibsen was a response to the requests of time. The focus of the playwright is in the role of women in the family and her status in society.From the first scenes the reader can understand how the author appreciates the comfort of kin, how he admires Nora – a real ideal woman: funny, sweet, and nice. Her children adore her and her husband is satisfied with the tale, illusion of a perfect family. What's wrong with this idyllic picture? Maybe, it's just fantasy, not the authenticity of everything that they see outside. The plays by Ibsen are called â€Å"analytic† not by chance, the author analyzes the problems of the modern family, in which the woman is often not only conqu ered, but does not have the right to vote.While Nora was such a vital playful â€Å"squirrel† for her husband Thorvald, he admired her; he loved his wife and took care of her. Only of her? Probably not. But once it became clear that Nora could do something by her own, she could make her own decision. When she took the money for her husband’s medication everybody saw the real attitude of such a loving husband to his wife. It was a despot who did not bear the thought that his wife has something to solve herself, that she could be responsible for her choices.That's where the subsoil is constructed in the Helmer family (Boyesen 94). The play has become a loud resonance precisely because of the fact that the problem of women's fate, and human was at point that time. When Nora left the family, it was really a shock for society, with its stabilized mind's eye on the role of women in family and society. It was the first time when woman said of her dignity and desire to be a pe rson, not just a beautiful doll for men. A woman does not agree any more with the role of a slave and a housewife.She wants to be on a par with men to live a full life, to love, raise children and feel like a man. This solves the problem of women's rights in the family. Flannery O'Connor is an outstanding American author. The author of â€Å"Gothic† novels and short stories about rural life of the American South, animate the religious fervor and brightly-colored comic strokes. Metaphysical, on what it called â€Å"enlarged† view of the world combined with the full perception of reality. Major trends of her work have identified a zealous Catholic and a disbelief in science, shattering the primordial life.For O'Connor, the image is characterized by unexpected, extreme situations, resulting in acts of violence provoked by the grotesque characters. â€Å"A good man is hard to find† is the most outstanding work of this author which tackles both the author’s vi ews regarding personal transformations and Christianity. The story follows the life of a Christian grandmother who faces various struggles with her family and environment in terms of religion, beliefs, and practices. Many of Flannery O'Connor's characters defy cultural expectations.For example, many of her women are strong, opinionated leaders, while the prevailing culture, especially during O'Connor's lifetime, prized women as nurturing homemakers whose role was to support the decisions and opinions of men. Grandmothers, especially, were expected to follow the lead of their grown sons if there was no grandfather in the house. Men, not women, were the driving decision-makers (at least on the surface) in literature, and generally in society until after World War 2. The mother in this story is the more stereotypical character who is left in her assigned gender role.O'Connor's grandmother character defies the cultural stereotype. She is opinionated and not shy of voicing those opinions on subjects from vacation destinations to proper etiquette for children to current events. She pays attention to the details that others ignore, including the starting mileage of the car and the facial features of The Misfit (O’Connor 48). O Connor's grandmother character is also the one to defend the family during the â€Å"predicament. † Again in traditional gender roles, family protection is the domain of the family patriarch, not one of the women.Yet, in another example of O'Connor's challenge to social norms, it is the elderly woman who stands to defend her family. Both authors in their works paid great attention to the role of a woman in family and in society, her right to take decisive actions, the importance of her personality. The works by Ibsen and O'Conner caused much controversy but they still remained bright representatives of modernism. The topics and problems they discussed in their works are still important and relevant.

Marketing Micro and Macro Environmental Factors Essay

Macro and micro environments both fall into the categories of environmental scanning. The general scope of environmental scanning is that it is a component of global environmental analysis. While analyses are typically carried out on the macro environment, the micro environment still has an important role to play. In summary, the macro environment is involved with the industries, companies, markets, clients and competitors, while the micro environment can be represented by the suppliers, competitors and customers. Macro Environment These are the major external and uncontrollable factors that influence an organization’s decision making, and affect its performance and strategies.The macro environment is typically segmented for the reasons of analysis. This analysis, commonly referred to as a PESTLE analysis, allows researchers to look at the main six environmental factors that affect a business. These factors are political, economical, technological, environmental, legal and social. Each of these factors indirectly affects the company but the company cannot control them. Instead the company is required to adapt to these factors in the most efficient way possible. The results of this analysis allow the company to see where their strengths are when adapting to the macro environment and where they could improve on their methods. 1. Economic Environment: Economic environment of business has reference to the board characteristics of the economic system in which the business operates. The business sector has economic relation with the government, capital market; household sector and global sector. These sectors together influence the trends and structure of the economy. The form and functioning of the economy vary widely. The important external factors that affect the economic environment of a business are; (i)Economic Conditions: – The general Economic conditions prevailing in the country viz. national income, per capita income, economic resources, distribution of income and assets, economic development etc. are important determinants of the business strategies. Business cycles and economic growth of the economy are important factors defining the economic environment. (ii)The economic system operating in the country also affects the business enterprise to a very great extent. The economic system of a country may be capitalist, socialist, communist or mixed. (iii)Economic Policies: – The government decides the economic environment of business through Budges, Industrial regulations, Economic planning, Import and Export regulations, Business laws, Industrial policy, Control on prices and wages, Trade and transport policies, the size of the national Income, Demand & supply of various goods etc. (iv)Economic Growth: – The stage of economic growth of the economy has direct impact on the business strategies. Increased economic growth rate and increase in consumption expenditure, lower the general pressure within an industry and offers more opportunities then threats. (v)The rate of interest affects the demand for the products in the economy, particularly when general goods are to be purchased through borrowed finance. Low interest rated provides opportunities to the industries to expand whereas rising interest rates pose a threat to these institutions. (vi)Currency Exchange: – Current exchange rates have direct impact on the business environment. When the rupee was devalued in 1991, it was to make Indian products cheaper in the world market and consequently boost India’s exports. 2. Political and Governmental Environment: Political environment refers to the influence exerted by the three political institutions they are; Legislature, Executive, Judiciary etc. The legislature decides on a particular course of action. Government is the executive and its job is to implement whatever was decided by parliament. The judiciary has ensure that both the legislature and executive function in public interest and within the boundaries of constitution. Legal and political environment provides a framework within the business is to function and its existence depends on the success with which it can face the various challenges constructed out of political and legal framework. 3. Socio-cultural Environment: Changes in social trends can impact on the demand for a firm’s products and the availability and willingness of individuals to work. Social class and caste of a person goes a long way in deciding the business activities in relation to its production and marketing activities. Tradition, customs and social attitudes have changed the attitude and beliefs of the persons which have their effect on organizational environment. Class and caste are influencing the purchasing pattern. Socio-cultural environment may include expectations of the society from business, attitudes of society towards business and its management, views towards achievement of work, views towards structure, responsibility and organizational positions, views towards customs, traditional and conventional, class structure and labor mobility and level of education. 4. Natural Environment: Environmental factors include the weather and climate change. Changes in temperature can impact on many industries including farming, tourism and insurance. With major climate changes occurring due to global warming and with greater environmental awareness this external factor is becoming a significant issue for firms to consider. The growing desire to protect the environment is having an impact on many industries such as the travel and transportation industries for example, more taxes being placed on air travel and the success of hybrid cars, and the general move towards more environmentally friendly products and processes is affecting demand patterns and creating business opportunities. 5. Demographic Environment: Demographic factor include Size, growth rate, age composition, sex composition etc. of population, Family size, Economic stratification of population, Educational level, Caste, religion etc. All these demographic factors are relevant to business. These factors affect the demand for goods and services. High population growth rate indicates an enormous increase in labor supply. Population with varied tastes, preferences, beliefs, temperaments etc. gives rise to differing demand pattern and calls for different marketing strategies. 6. Technological Environment: In order to survive in today’s competitive world, a business has to adopt technological changes from time to time. New technologies create new products and new processes. Technology can reduce costs, improve quality and lead to innovation. These developments can benefit consumers as well as the organizations providing the products. MP3 players, computer games, online gambling and high definition TVs are all new markets created by technological advances. Online shopping, bar coding and computer aided design are all improvements to the way we do business as a result of better technology. 7. International Environment: Another environmental factor which is fast emerging as the force to reckon with is the international environment. Implications of global or international environment are; (i)Due to liberalization, Indian companies are forced to view business issues from the global perspective. (ii)Safe and protected markets are no longer there. World is becoming small in size due to advanced means of transport and communication facilities. (iii)Learning of foreign languages is must for every business manager. (iv)Acquiring familiarity with foreign currencies is also must. (v)Facing political and legal uncertainties is inevitable. Micro Environment Micro environmental factors are internal factors close to a business that have a direct impact on its strategy. . Within the micro environment it is important that the layout of the physical infrastructure is focused on competitiveness. These factors include: Customers Organizations’ survive on the basis of meeting customer needs and wants and providing benefits for their customers. Failure to do so will result in a failed business strategy. As all businesses need customers, they should be customer oriented. Employees Employing the correct staff and keeping staff motivated is an essential part of an organization’s strategic planning process. Training and development play a critical role in achieving a competitive edge; especially in service sector marketing. This is clearly apparent in the airline industry, where customer services is crucial in obtaining a competitive edge. Employing staff with relevant skills and experience is essential. This process begins at recruitment stage and continues throughout an employee’s employment via ongoing training and promotion opportunities. If a business employs staff without motivation, skills or experience it will affect customer service and ultimately sales. Suppliers Suppliers provide businesses with the materials they need to carry out their business activities. A supplier’s behavior will directly impact the business it supplies. For example if a supplier provides a poor service this could increase timescales or lower product quality. An increase in raw material prices will affect an organization’s marketing mix strategy and may even force price increases. Close supplier relationships are an effective way to remain competitive and secure quality products. Shareholders As organisations require inward investment to grow, they may decide to move from private to public ownership and list on the stock market. The introduction of public shareholders brings new pressures as public shareholders want a return from the money they have invested in the company. Shareholder pressure to increase profits will affect organisational strategy. Relationships with shareholders need to be managed carefully as rapid short term increases in profit could detrimentally affect the long term success of the business. Media Positive media attention can make an organisation or its products and negative media attention can break an organisation. Organisations need to manage the media so that the media help promote the positive things about the organisation and reduce the impact of a negative event on their reputation. Some organisations will even employ public relations (PR) consultants to help them manage a particular event or incident. Consumer television programs with a wide and more direct audience can also have a very powerful impact on the success of an organisation. Some businesses recognise this and will change their reaction when consumers mention that they are going to contact a consumer television programme or the newspapers about the business. Competitors The name of the game in marketing is differentiation. Can the organisation offer benefits that are better than those offered by competitors? Does the business have a unique selling point (USP)? Competitor analysis and monitoring is crucial if an organisation is to maintain or improve its position within the market. If a business is unaware of its competitor’s activities they will find it very difficult to â€Å"beat† their competitors. The market can move very quickly for example through a change in trading conditions, consumer behavior or technological developments. As a business it is important to examine competitors’ responses to these changes so that you can maximise the impact of your response

Legal Reasoning and Writing Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Legal Reasoning and Writing - Essay Example ublic’s interest and recognizes states’ legislative authority that the courts would uphold based on the precedent that the case of Jacobson v Massachusetts’ (1905) set. Facts to the case identify an epidemic, viral gastroenteritis, in the nation, which is also significant in the capital of South Caledonia. There has been a series of the viral infection that affects groups such as people in schools, apartment complexes, and has been reported in large emergency shelters. Viral gastroenteritis causes fever, abdominal pain, nausea, vomiting, and diarrhea, and affects people by limiting their ability to go to work when they are sick or by forcing people to stay at home to take care of the infection’s victims. There are however only few cases of hospitalization and two reported fatalities. A vaccine was developed a year ago and the FDA approved it for its proven effectiveness and limited adverse effects that is only realized as a sore at the point of injection. State Legislature of South Caledonia then passed a law requiring all people to receive vaccination with a fine of $ 750 for non-compliance unless a person receives state approval for exempt ion. Even though Mr. Russell does not qualify for exemption under the statute, he does not wish to apply for exemption and does not want to receive vaccination. Instead, he wishes to sue the state for protection of his liberty. The constitution, statutes, and case laws are some of the sources of law for guiding judicial decisions and the case of Jacobson v Massachusetts (1905) offers a basis for interpreting conflicting provisions of the constitution and the statute of South Caledonia. While the constitution provides for protection of individuals rights and liberty, Fourteenth Amendment, it also restricts such rights based on rights of other citizens, the Ninth Amendment, and grants states legislative power (Schultz, 2009). The facts of the Jacobson v Massachusetts’ case in which Jacobson declined to receive

Invasion of Privacy in the UK Coursework Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

Invasion of Privacy in the UK - Coursework Example Remedies for the invasion of privacy are limited to informational privacy against private parties and broadly against public authorities.   It, therefore, follows that invasion of privacy is not a well-developed remedy in British law as it is restricted as this paper demonstrates.   An examination of the interpretation of Article 8 of ECHR demonstrates that the right to protection from governmental invasion is limited. Moreover, remedies for invasion of privacy under the Data Protection Act are of little use to the ordinary citizen.   Thus there is a need for the Supreme Court to declare a tort of invasion of privacy in the same manner as a right for infringement of other Convention rights can be claimed in tort. The law of privacy is not as developed in the UK as it is in the US.   However, there are remedies for invasion of privacy in the UK against government officials. The Younger Committee first recommended a tort for invasion of privacy in 1972. But the recommendation was rejected primarily on the grounds that imposing a tort for protection against invasion of privacy was difficult when balancing personal privacy against the wider public interest in protecting freedom of expression and the free exchange of information.   However, it is suggested that in a private situation, the free exchange of information and freedom of expression has little public utility as the value obtained from invading the privacy of an individual in private settings is limited. For instance, if an individual takes a photograph of his neighbor without his neighbor’s permission for his own personal use, there is no public benefit for the public and thus, there is no need to balance free expression with the protection of personal privacy.  

The impact Advertising has on brand preference for consumers in the Essay

The impact Advertising has on brand preference for consumers in the mobile phone market - Essay Example While each component had its role in forming the marketing strategy, promotion essentially meant reaching out to the customer through advertising and media campaigns. In today's world 'promotion' field has been further widened by renaming it as marketing communication. Such a communication now forms a crucial part of managerial activities. This study is an effort towards analysing the mobile phone market in general and to what extent advertising or marketing communication activities help in building brands, creating brand loyalties, increase in sales, cutting costs etc. How customer perceptions have changed over the years towards going for a product which is seen all over the media space, fliers, signboards etc. will form the cornerstone of preparing marketing strategies for any company. Mobile phone market comprises of a range of brands offering a variety of features at affordable prices, depending upon the requirements of the customer, the market potential and other factors like, l ocal taxes, liberalisation policies etc. To what extent the customer's opinion gets influenced by running advertisement campaigns and how the balance is tilted by celebrity endorsement or the brand ambassadors will be studied through this paper. Technology is also a critical factor while reaching out to the customer. The advancements in technology has also come out with innovative ideas to reach out to the customer. ... The process of globalisation and liberalisation has resulted in uniformity of policies all around the globe, thus providing room for adopting the learning's from one type of market into another. The rapidly changing market dynamics though have kept the companies on their toes. Kotler (1974) termed marketing as a set of human activities directed at facilitating and consummating exchanges. Advertising helps in influencing the consumer behaviour. While on the one hand the competition helps the consumer in getting worth of the spending, and consumer has a range of alternatives to chose from, companies too have come out with innovative ideas to reach out to the consumer with their products and brands. While analysing the rapidly changing marketing scene, Peircy (2002) terms the emerging scenario as complex, confusing, and paradoxical. The mobile phone market is full of alternatives available with whole lot of features at attractive prices. This has led to a state where mobile phone compan ies are trying to include as many features into the small gadget and convert it into a workstation or computer which can be used for talking, listening radio programmes, watching movies, storing mp3 songs and of course in the form of a phone as well. At times, it appears the advertisements tend to confuse a general customer, with so many brands around. It is indeed a very difficult choice for an average consumer to be able to figure out his/her exact needs and look for the appropriate gadget. How advertising helps or complicates toward facilitating such choices is what matters for the ad-makers worldwide. 4. Aims and Objectives My project shall aim to test the following -

Recommendations for a client business Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Recommendations for a client business - Essay Example On the other hand, Strait’s business rival M.Y. China had their hostess at the podium to warmly greet the incoming guests and seat them most of the times. The restaurant manager also helped her seat the guests especially when more than one guest came in at the same time. This resulted in fewer complaints from customers and more importantly shorter periods in seating the customers. The hostess at M.Y. China is always in a jovial mood and welcomes guests in a friendly and a professional manner. It is apparent that from the customer comments that even when customers did not get her at the podium she made up with the welcoming gestures. She always engaged eye contact with her the guests, smiled and used a friendly tone when talking to them (Yelp). Therefore, Straits should put efforts in improving its service standards if it is to maintain its clientele, especially with increased competition from its next-door competitor M.Y. China. For instance, many customers have expressed diss atisfaction with declining food quality, service level and the restaurant’s general experience. The customers also bemoan the inattentiveness and the unprofessional manner with which the hostess and other workers behave themselves. Such negative perceptions from the customers may eventually hurt the restaurant’s business if they are not addressed. Some customers have complained about the absence of a clear job structure that results in ambiguity in the roles that different persons perform. For example, some guests have to wait to be ushered into the restaurant when the hostess is helping the servicer to clear the tables. Some customers also observed that the restaurant seems not to have an outlined task plan to ensure smooth flow of operations. This is apparent when customers who have made a reservation come into the restaurant and the hostess looks clueless when they enquire about their table. Sometimes she ends up mumbling some apologies and seating the guests in a d ifferent table. Recommendations The observers made some recommendations after a thorough evaluation of the service standards of Straits restaurant and comparing it to that of its competitor M.Y. China. Since the main issue was found to be the absence of the hostess at the podium, the group of observers formulated some recommendations that outlined tasks that would ensure that a hostess was always manning the podium area in order to greet and usher in incoming guests. The recommendations are outlined as follows: i. Organizing the reservations This would involve the hostess staying at the podium and organize any reservations that are made on the phone. The hostess should answer incoming machine messages to confirm that that all reservations have been noted. In addition, the hostess should schedule the reservations for all guests in advance and formulate a plan on how to receive and seat the guests as and when they arrive. This should include a seating chart. It is important for the ho stess to ask the guests some specific questions when they call in to make the reservations in order to have some basic information beforehand. Such information will assist the hostess in creating customer profiles that include names and contacts such as telephone numbers and e-mail addresses. However, the hostess may encounter problems that may be difficult to solve. For instance, what does the

White paper Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words - 1

White paper - Essay Example Software development projects may on some occasion require accomplishing certain tasks such as making workflow changes, retrieving user’s lists, adding new data to issues. In this cases, JIRA can be can be called upon to help accomplish the above stated tasks. The use of JIRA is advantageous since its features are easily accessible. The top web browsers (Opera, Safari, Chrome, internet Explorer and Firefox) can access the JIRA’s user interface making it easily accessible. JIRA supports integration with integrated environments such as Eclipse, visual studio and Netbeans. And lastly but not least, JIRA has been optimized to be used on mobile devices and supports variety of mobile platforms such as blackberry, android, iPhone and windows. Atlassian, an enterprise company situated in Australia, focuses on developing software specifically for project managers and software developers. Some of the known software product produced by Atlassian company are JIRA, for tracking issues during software development and confluence, specifically designed to facilitate team collaboration. There are many users of the software produced by the company around the world. Some of the companies using the software include twitter, Audi, NASA, Cisco and infor. There are various software products that are JIRA’s competitors. Podio is one of them. Podio is preferred by most people as an alternative to JIRA since it is free, and open source. Most of users who can’t afford JIRA due to its high costs opt for Podio. Podio provides a web-based environment that is utilized buy software developers to facilitate team collaboration, communication, business process project management, data management, and content managements. The software is cloud based. The software package is suited to be used with business apps that can be selected by the users from the stores, or alternatively, users can create there on apps. A review by Daniel Johansen, an employee at Digicert, Inc.

RESPOND Article Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

RESPOND - Article Example Online students should not be underprivileged in terms of social learning since they are not able to attend campus. Their access must not just be access to content; instead it should imply access to a rich learning environment that offers a chance for connectedness and interaction (Daniel Palacios-Marquà ©s, 2012). Additionally, numerous office workers are more familiar with different virtual communication tools accessible from instant messaging to e-mail to social networks. However, as training courses also move online, they incline to the loose majority of the cooperative constituents that has resulted in these new technologies to be operational in other fields. The biggest task as seen by the instructors is keeping members engaged. To make operational online participation, instructors should apply four approaches that address the proper use of technology to carry out online instructor-directed learning, participant engagement, enabling of fruitful brainstorming gatherings and team collaboration, and session design so as to achieve good results (Young, 2009). Furthermore, Asynchronous learning is a learner-centered teaching technique that applies online learning means to enable information distribution outside the constrictions of place and time amongst a network of individuals. It highlights the significance of peer-to-peer interactions. Resources of online learning that back up asynchronous learning comprise of blogs, wikis, email, online discussion boards, among others. Additionally, course management systems have been formed to back up interaction online, allowing students to organize discussions, reply to and post messages, among others (Jane E. Brindley,

Calories restriction and health in medical improvement Thesis

Calories restriction and health in medical improvement - Thesis Example Fasting prior to chemotherapy enhances the effect of the chemotherapeutic agent on the tumour and reduces the toxic side effects of the chemotherapeutic agent on the patient. However, before this benefit of calorie restriction could be used in human beings more studies are require to reinforce the findings of the twin benefits of calorie restriction. 1. Introduction 1.1. Calories Restriction Over the last seven decades evidence from insect and animal studies has pointed to the restriction of calorie intake resulting in increase in life span. These findings have led to interest developing for a better understanding of the molecular mechanisms of calorie restriction that bestow the health directed benefits and translating these benefits to human beings, as a means of overcoming life threatening diseases and conditions for better quality of life and increase in life spans (Koubova & Gurante, 2003). ... od pressure are considered to be biomarkers for aging, since there is a correlation between these markers and those diseases normally associated with advancing age or ageing itself. Calorie restriction studies in animals has shown to reduce these biomarkers associated with aging and hence the holding out of the promise for the use of calorie restriction with the therapeutic potential to improve the treatment of diseases and conditions associated with aging to increase life span in humans (Brown, 2008). The modern interest in calorie restriction can be traced back to 1930s and the research of the nutritionist Clive McKay. McKay and his team conducting cancer research discovered that severe calorie restriction up to 60% ad Librium levels resulted in a measurable increase in life span in rats. This interesting finding remained in cold storage for nearly three decades, as the findings were not found to be relevant to cancer research as such. Michael Ross took up this thread of investigat ion in the 1960s using Sprague-Dawley rats, to study the incidence of tumours and its age relation. The results of increased life span in rats caused by calorie restriction sparked interest among gerontologists and gerontology research. In the 1970s two groups of research investigation on calorie started, one under Roy Walford at UCLA and the other led by Edward Masoro and B.P. Yu at the University of Texas (Sprott & Austad, 2006). Walford and his team, with particular emphasis on Richard Weindruch focused on the impact of calories restriction on different models that ranged from mice to rhesus monkeys to humans. Some of these investigations continue even today and has led to general acceptance that calorie restriction has turned to be the only intervention that results in life span

How do organiations deal with the complex issues affecting their Essay

How do organiations deal with the complex issues affecting their smooth running Discuss gendered organisations - Essay Example This discussion implies to understand impact of sociological constructs from a gender perspective in organizational contexts based on various researches and studies. It also explores methods adopted by organizations to deal with sociological implications of gender inequalities. Further, recommendations have been proposed with regards to promoting or enhancing women’s position in attaining professional status in the present and future contexts. Dawe’s (1970; p.214) explanation of sociology draws two distinct aspects, sociology of social systems and sociology of social actions both of which are of opposing nature but concerned with order and control of situations. These two sociological aspects contradict each other in terms of humanity, society and the interrelationships between human beings and society. Dawe (1970, p.214) stated, â€Å"the first asserts the paramount necessity, for societal and individual well-being, of external constraint; hence the notion of a social system ontologically and methodologically prior to its participants; on the other hand the second one reinforces the concept of autonomous man, able to realize his full potential and to create a truly human social order only when freed from external constraint.† Considering organisations as social systems, individual needs were integrated with organisational needs through various approaches that reinforced human relations (Morgan, 1998). Barna rd (1938) defined organisation as a system of consciously coordinated activities of two or more persons (Rainey, 2009; p.35). applying Dawe’s (1970) postulation on sociology of systems and sociology of actions to organisations, as defined by Barnard (1938), a clear link can be established on the influence that organisational actions can create on systems and vice versa. Organisations play a significant role in shaping the society in terms of gender, race, class, political power, economic status, sociocultural influence etc (Handel, 2003;

Gender differences in the effects of divorce Essay Example for Free

Gender differences in the effects of divorce Essay Besides behaviour differences among children of divorced and intact families, there are also gender differences to consider. Hyatt suggests that boys and girls react differently to parental divorce. Boys tend to create more behavioural problems in school than girls do. Boys’ self-esteem tends to decline as a result of divorce and they seek constant attention from the teacher and disturb class with irrelevant talks. Their effort in school work also decline. Hyatt mentions that boys are more prone to difficulty of losing contact to their father hence regular communication with the father can help these adjustment problems. Girls’ behaviour in school after parental divorce is not as noticeable as boys because they do not manifest their difficulties by acting out in class. Rather, they tend to become more anxious or unhappy or showing over controlled good behaviour. Another findings concerning gender difference in the effects of divorce is that girls do accept help from their teachers unlike boys. This is because girls see their school as a place where they can be supported during divorce while boys conduct socially unacceptable behaviour. School Behaviour of Children of Divorced Families Human beings grow by constantly adapting to new environment therefore adapting to an environment is part of life cycle. Children’s educational place can be divided into home, school and the society. The child and environment continuously interact and the school takes over large part of a child’s life. Therefore as well as having a settled family life, school period is also important in determining how children might turn out in the future. School is a place where children enjoy, and gain sense of satisfaction by experiencing various activities and maintain harmonized relationships with the teachers and other students. Similarly, school adjustment is defines as taking interest in school environment and feel comfortable being in school with other children. This adjustment reflects on their school achievement and development. For instance, children who enjoy being in school and participate in school activities are likely to gain more educational experiences than those who have adjustment disorder. Liebman defines school adjustment disorder as excessive reaction where individuals are unable to harmonize with the school environment and other students which will prohibit individual development. Children of divorced families are likely to have more difficulties in school adjustment than those of children from intact families. Berbe suggests that children with adjustment disorder tend to attract teacher’s attention by inappropriate questions in class, distract other children and find it hard to pay attention in class. They also refuse teacher’s request and are often disobedient. And if they continue to show irresponsible academic behaviour, it leads to serious adjustment disorder. Heck’s idea is also similar to Berbe’s suggestion that children with adjustment disorder problems are frequently absent and tend to be oppositional in class. However, it is difficult to judge the cause of maladjustment solely on divorce. How children respond to above stress can vary from a child to child. It can differ according to their age, gender or disposition and the environment includes economic stature of parents, social approval rating of parents and family conflict. Variables are categorized as they may affect children’s school adjustment into demographic differences and family variables. Demographic differences include race, gender, and parental socioeconomic status and family variables include relationships, organisation, control, social support, mother rejection and father rejection. Behaviour of children of divorced in school As mentioned earlier, children from divorced families appear to have difficulty in academic achievement and relationship with other children at school than children from intact families. The cause of this should not be looked at solely on the primary factor which is divorce. Secondary factors are to be considered as well, such as the change in socioeconomic structure and resources after divorce. For example, as mentioned earlier, economic loss, poor parental adjustment, lack of parental competence and parental loss can cause behavioural problems. As mentioned in the section of ‘Comparison between children of divorce and intact families’, women’s standard of living is reduced by 29 % after divorce and absence of father can have negative influence on children more on boys than girls. Regarding studies on children’s maladjustment behaviour, Liner categorizes disorder behaviour as: ? action-out behaviour like hitting someone and being aggressive ? withdrawing behaviour: very quiet, sucking fingers, restricted behaviour ? defensive behaviour: lying, ignoring ? disorganised behaviour: escaping from reality Similarly, Wickman describes behaviour of children with adjustment disorder as: ? immoral, dishonest, in resistance to authority, stealer, cheater, disobedient, rude and rebellious ? often violates regulation of class, careless, loses interest in study, negligent and trustless ? exaggerated and offensive personality ? unsociable, overly sensitive, and liar Based on experience, as a teacher of young children, those from divorced families have lower academic achievement, are socially isolated, overly sensitive, either humiliate themselves or boast and show negative behaviour in class. Specifically, their academic grade is poorer than it used to be and they do not try to socialize with others in class. Further, they often seem absent-minded and tend to change their mood easily. If they are scolded for not doing their homework or asked to answer something they do not know, they use violent language in response. They also suffer from headache and easily get tired. This behaviour of children can also be explained by Rotter’s theory of locus of control. Locus of control refers to how individuals attribute the cause of their behaviour to internal or external forces. In applying to children of divorced families, children who have internal locus of control believe that if their parents are divorced, it is their fate. Therefore these children are able to handle any difficulties and feel less psychological distress. In contrast, children who have external locus of control believe that if they do not perform well in school, they tend to blame external factors such as parental divorce rather than blame themselves. Hence, these children are likely to suffer from severe distress than those who have internal locus of control. When elementary school children experience parents’ divorce, they can become aggressive and develop sense fear and sorrow. Some children also imagine reunion of their parents. And they also explain that children’s school behaviour depend on how they are treated at home. As per experience, the relationship between custodial parent and the child seem to have a large impact. Prior research says that the relationship between the behaviour of custodial parents and children’s school adjustment illustrate that the attitude of custodial parents has large influence on children’s school achievement. Mothers’ affection can influence enormously on developing children’s social skills. From mother-child relationship, children learn responsibility, self-control and social skills, hence, hostile attitude towards children can act as hindrance in developing social skills. Therefore one can learn that the attitude of custodial parent becomes important factor which influence children’s school adjustment.

Dialectic Journal for Catcher in the Rye Essay Example for Free

Dialectic Journal for Catcher in the Rye Essay Entry One Quote: â€Å" and all that David Copperfield kind of crap but I don’t feel like going through it if you want to know the truth my parents would have about two hemorrhages a piece it I tell anything pretty personal about them.† (Page 1) Response: This excerpt makes me very curious about his family members. The tone makes me believe that Holden probably is ashamed by them or he doesn’t like them when he describes them as â€Å"crap†. His parents’ attitude toward telling others personal stories is also confusing. It is not clear whether they are the ones inhibiting Holden from telling or not. I predict that Holden is reluctant when it comes to uncovering truths about his life. This quote is important because it gives me background information into Holden’s family life, as well as revealing a variety of characteristics of his personality. From this quote, I could tell that Holden does not have motivation to excel in school and he does not seem to care about getting kicked out. Being the teenager that he is, Holden does not realize the importance of education in his life, thus not caring about the severe consequences. Entry Two Quote: â€Å"He said he talked to Jesus all the time, even when he was driving his car. That killed me. I can just see the big phony bastard shifting into first gear and asking Jesus to send him more shifts.† (Page 17) Response: The quote made me really confused because I do not understand what Holden meant by shifting gear in this passage. However, now I understand that he does not like braggers and fakers. Also, Holden finds it irrational that these people dare to say they follow Jesus. I agree with him. If standing in a parking lot does not make you a car, then going to a church does not mean you are incredibly religious. This also seems to be one sign of Holden’s immaturity. It is very clear that when Holden starts to horse around, he puts an effort into annoying those surrounding him. Entry Three Quote: â€Å"I didn’t care about not seeing the movie anyway Besides, I’d been to the movies before with Auckly and Brossard.† (Page 37) Response: This quote seems ironic to me in ways more than one. Holden normally hates watching movies because he thinks that actors are fake and phony. He also does not like Auckly that much. In this section of the book, Holden does not seem glum and miserable as usual because he is acting like a regular teenager would. Holden’s invitation to Auckly proves that he is caring and sensitive to Auckly’s emotions. He also knows that loneliness is the worst situation so he helps Auckly out of it at least for one night. I also feel as if Holden really did care about seeing the movie because of the tone evolved in his voice. Entry Four Quote: â€Å"He got leukemia and died when we were up in Maine, on July 18, 1946. You’d have liked him. He was two years younger than I was, but he was about fifty times as intelligent. He was terrifically intelligent.† (Page 49) Response: This quote seemed very significant to me. It informed me that Holden had a younger brother named Allie who died from Leukemia. It is extremely clear that when Holden thinks about Allie, all he thinks about is how amazing of a person Allie was. I get the feeling that Holden is very fond of his siblings and has developed a fantastic relationship with them over time, making the death of Allie a major impact on his life. Also, the way Holden seems to be acting in this scene in the book tells me that he has strong feelings for Jane. The way he is talking about Stradlater has a connotation of evilness and mystery as to why he is afraid about Jane. Holden used to be close friends with Jane and he knows things about her that is worrying him about the intimate relationship she might form with Stradlater. Entry Five Quote: â€Å"I was right away sorry I’d said it, but it was too late.† (Page 75) Response: In my perspective, Holden tells these lies because he is used to it, but every time in the end he feels guilty. I think the fact that Holden feels bad about what he has done makes him a mature young man. He recognizes his mistakes and recognizes the horrid feeling of telling a lie. Many people in life have had moments where they have said something and regretted it immediately. This is the exact situation in which Holden was in. Holden had just had one of those relatable moments involving the guilt from saying something harsh and how it immediately affects him. However, he soon realizes that it is unfortunately too late to take back the words he had said. Entry Six Quote: â€Å"The fish-that’s different. The fish is different. I’m talking about the ducks.† (Page 82) Response: In this passage of the book, Holden is thinking scientifically. This supports the fact that he is smart after all, even though he his failing most of his classes. Often times, a teenager wants something so bad, they come up with crazy and somewhat stupid ideas and plans to help them obtain that something. Maybe this is because he does not want to try or maybe he wants to fit in with others who would not accept him if he was smart. In this metaphor, he is comparing himself the ducks in Central Park when the lagoon freezes over. What Holden is really saying is the fact that he would not know where to go if he stays living in a place full of phonies and rude people. The ducks cannot swim in ice and he will not stay in a school full of fakes. Entry Seven Quote: â€Å"She hasn’t felt too healthy since my brother Allie dies. She’s very nervous. That’s another reason why I hated like hell for her to know I got the ax again.† (Page 140) Response: This quote clearly explains how Holden is definitely not the only one who is affected by his brother, Allie’s, death. Holdens mother has gained severe health problems ever since Allie passed away. His mother is also very nervous, and I have come to conclusion that this is probably because she is afraid to lose another child of her own. However, not matter what her reason, Holden is concerned about his mother, and he feels saddened and guilty that his problems will affect her. This seems to be one of the real reasons as to why he does not want his parents, especially his mother, to know about him getting kicked out of school once again. I can relate to Holden in this situation in the fact that there is much pain and struggle that goes on within a family when a tragedy happens. Entry Eight Quote: â€Å"I kept putting my hand over my stomach and all to keep the blood from dripping all over. I didn’t want anybody to know I was wounded. I was concealing the fact that I was a wounded sunuvabitch.† (Page 150) Response: Back in the hotel when Holden caught himself into a fight and became the punching bag for the elevator guy, he pretended to be shot in the stomach. It is worth noting that Holden does the same thing now. I will infer that Holden may have seen this played out in a movie and such a scene became imprinted in his head. Also, this passage is extremely symbolic as to how Holden is feeling. It is very clean that Holden has a ton of issues that are depressing him but he is not showing that among others. I feel as though if Holden received help from a therapist or even a loved one he could excel in life and not have to live in such a tremendous lie anymore. In this depressed state, Holden is looking for much comfort. In some ways Holden proves he has much strength, but in other ways he proves he is a weak liar. Entry Nine Quote: â€Å"Then I took my hunting hat from my coat pocket and gave it to her.† (Page 180) Response: In this quote it is clear that Holden feels attached to it because he is able to recognize the connection he has with it. When he puts on the hat, he feels almost outside of himself and feels like there is someone that understands him. He understands himself even if no one else does. He feels safe when he wears it. The hunting hat is very symbolic to Holden. He wears it whenever he wants to feel protected and loved. It is probably the only object he cherishes. Giving that hat to Phoebe is a terrific example of being the catcher in the rye because he was to protect the children from the severity of life. Among those children, his favorite person is Phoebe, and this is why he chose the hand off the hunting hat to her. Entry Ten Quote: â€Å"but this damn article I started reading made me almost worst. It was all about hormones. It describes how you should look, your face and eyes and all, if your hormones were in good shape, and I didn’t look that way at all.† (Page 195) Response: Holden appears to be sad, lonely, and in desperate need of comforting. Unfortunately he decides to turn to alcohol for comfort. This clearly demonstrates how Holden behaves when dealing with certain issues as well as showing another immature side of him. Holden is originally skinny. He was supposed to be on a certain diet to help him gain weight, but he never eats enough. In fact, he rarely mentions food in his whole novel. His body is not receiving the essential nutrition in order for his body to function correctly, and consequently his hormones are not going to form completely. Many organs in his body will not work correctly, this includes his brain. This is scientifically why Holden will wind up in a mental hospital to seek help with his personal issues.

The Major Security Issues In Malaysia Criminology Essay

The Major Security Issues In Malaysia Criminology Essay The concept of national security involves the preparations against threats to a countrys national independence, territorial integrity and national sovereignty emanating from internal or external forces or a combination of the two. The goal of national security is to protect the core values of the state: ideology, sovereignty, territory, government regime and citizens. Buzan et al (1998) suggests that security is effected by factors in five major sectors: military, political, economic, societal and environmental.  [3]  Since the beginning of World War Two (WWII) there have been many significant events across these five major sectors, which have shaped Malaysias national security. The most significant of these events include the Japanese occupation during WWII, the communist threat during the Cold War, the Confrontation with Indonesia, the 13 May 1969 race riots and the 9/11 terrorists attacks. There are also many non-traditional threats, both internal and external across all secto rs that continue to shape Malaysias approach to national security today. The aim of this paper is to outline and critically evaluate the major security issues that have changed the outlook on, and approach to national security in Malaysia. This essay will discuss major security issues that have shaped Malaysias approach to national security since the beginning of WWII. The Japanese influence on Malaya up to WWII had been positive in terms of invigorating Malay Nationalism and brought on the idea that Asian could challenge western powers.  [4]  However, the Japanese occupation during WWII created a lasting memory for Malaysias future elite in that it shaped their thoughts regarding the need for self-reliance in terms of security and defence.  [5]  Under British rule after the War, and on the eve of an evolving nationalist movement for independence, Malaya was challenged by a serious internal security threat communist terrorists. The First and Second Malayan Emergencies and the threat of communism are significant security events in the evolution of Malaysias national security. The success of the counterinsurgency (COIN) made it an example for COIN operations around the world.  [6]  Through KESBAN and RASCOM  [7]  Malaysia had established a whole of Government approach to internal security issues, primarily focused on communist terrorists, however Malaysia was still dependent on external support against external conventional threats through the Anglo-Malayan Defence Agreement (AMDA) and later the Five Powers Defence Arrangement (FPDA).  [8]   Malaysias focus on COIN operations through the Malayan Emergencies made it vulnerable to external conventional threats. Although the Confrontation with Indonesia in the 1960s and the fall of Saigon following the Vietnam War failed to perpetuate into full-scale war for Malaysia these events had two significant impacts on Malaysias outlook, and approach to national security. Firstly, as Malaysia was still reliant on the British to deal with external conventional threats through the AMDA and from 1971 the FPDA, they needed to assure national security by pursuing regional security through diplomatic means until its Defence Forces were sufficiently matured to deal with conventional threats. Malaysia was a key driver in establishing ASEAN and ZOPFAN as well as normalising ties with China and Vietnam.  [9]  Secondly, the events spurred military expansion toward developing a conventional war fighting capability.  [10]   It is difficult to determine if Malaysias continued military expansion and modernisation is the result of an Asian arms race as Soong asserts  [11]  or just the need to develop one of the smallest Defence Forces in the region  [12]  to one that is suitably self-reliant in accordance with the desires of the National Defence Policy.  [13]  Nevertheless, the development and maintenance of a credible conventional war fighting capability does little when the threat to security is from within as Malaysia was sadly to learn on 13 May 1969. The 13 May 1969 race riots are said to be one of the darkest moments in Malaysian history.  [14]  The reasons for the riots are many and varied but can be summarised as racial indifference regarding national language, Malay special rights, citizenship rights, and education policy. In essence, the tensions between the Malays and Chinese grew out of the perceived or actual threat posed to each races existence either through a lack of policy or policy itself. In terms of national security, racial tensions had been bubbling away in the background of other more conventional threats such as Communism and the Confrontation with Indonesia.  [15]  Regardless of the causes of the riots this watershed moment, Malaysian political life was refashioned, the whole notion of internal security took on another dimension,  [16]  based on race relations. Racial tensions have continued to challenge Malaysias approach to internal security with the 1998 Muslim-Hindu conflict in Kumpang Rawa, Pe nang; the 2001 Taman Medan Incident; the run-ins with HINDRAF and more recently the protests in Kuala Lumpur on 27 February 2011 regarding disparaging remarks against Malay Indians in the school text book and novel Interlok.  [17]  In sum, there were 1060 racial incidents in 2010 involving Malays, Chinese and Indians that continue to threaten Malaysias political stability and social harmony.  [18]  In so much as the 13 May 1969 was a wakeup call to significant internal security issues that threaten political stability and social harmony the fix appears to be more oriented on policing rather than policy.  [19]  Hence, a ticking time bomb remains so long as the lid of policing on the boiling pot of racial inequity has a political  [20]  flame that remains unattended. The 11 September 2001 attacks not only changed Malaysias outlook on, and approach to national security but that of the West and much of the developing world.  [21]  The threat to Malaysia from this event and later the Bali bombings in 2002 and 2005, the Jakarta JW Marriot bombing in 2003 and the 2004 Australian Embassy bombing in Jakarta was two fold. First was the fact that Malaysia, like any other country, could be a target of violent non-state actors (VNSA).  [22]  Secondly, and more alarming was that Malaysia was a predominantly Muslim state and could be linked to radical Islamic groups such as Kumpulan Militan Malaysia (KMM) and Jemaah Islamiah (JI) and their alleged connection with Al-Qaeda. Such allegations and proof of links could erode investor confidence in Malaysia and be economically and politically devastating.  [23]  These fears were later realised when it was discovered that two of the masterminds behind the Indonesian bombings were Malaysians.  [24]  M alaysias response was to establish the Southeast Asia Regional Centre for Counter Terrorism (SEARCCT) in July 2003.  [25]   Today there are a number of security issues that continue to shape Malaysias approach to national security. The complex overlapping claims over the resource rich Spratly Islands (and the claim to Sabah by the Philippines) has seen the Malaysian Armed Forces commit significant air, sea and troop assets in the region to defend and protect its claims, particularly on the Ardasier, Mariveles and Swallow Reefs.  [26]  Further civil (through the Maritime Enforcement Agency (MEA) and Naval sea and air assets remain committed to patrolling and enforcing Malaysias sea lines of communication and its Economic Exclusion Zones (EEZ) from piracy and illegal fishing. Stretching these security assets further are issues such as organised crime, illegal immigrants, smuggling, and sea pollution. Malaysias Navy, Airforce and MEA continue to receive sizeable proportions of the Defence and Security budgets to modernise and expand to deal with these threats.  [27]   Other non-traditional and non-military threats continue increasing and thus shape Malaysias approach to security. These include smuggling goods and services, illegal immigration, drug trafficking, communicable diseases, deviant and cult groups, extremism, refugees, ethnic conflicts, environment disasters, cyber crime and several other illegal activities that can be categorised as organised crime. These threats have seen Malaysias approach to security focus more toward non-military threats in recent years.  [28]   If there is a lesson to be relearned from the past for Malaysia regarding an approach to national security it is the need for a holistic approach as was evident with the implementation of KESBAN in response to the Second Malayan Emergency. Malaysias defence management has a clear chain of command from the National Security Council (NSC) through to the lowest rungs of the Armed Forces and Police Force.  [29]  Security management is problematic, however. Eight ministries/agencies and 12 departments are responsible for the security of Malaysia.  [30]  Thus creates the problem where interagency barriers hinder the timely application of force against a threat from a particular threat sector based on the untimely dissemination of intelligence  [31]  and generally poor coordination.  [32]  Although, there is a significant level of cooperation between individual agencies responsible for national security it is only achieved at an interagency level rather than through the chai n of command  [33]  . Conclusion There have been several major security issues that have shaped the outlook and approach to security in Malaysia since WWII. The Japanese invasion shaped thought and provided the desire for self-reliance, the Malayan Emergencies shaped and drove a whole of Government approach to national security, the Confrontation and the US withdrawal from Vietnam drove Military expansion for security and defence toward countering external conventional threats and the bloody 13 May 1969 shaped Malaysias approach back toward internal security issues. More recently, the 9/11 attacks and myriad other non-conventional and non-military threats continue to challenge and shape Malaysias approach to national security. Of note are the internal threats to security where the approach appears to be policing over policy. The author believes that unless positive and clear progress is made in these areas that racial tensions will again boil to the surface.

Investment Banks and Commercial Banks Are Analogous to Oil and Water: They Just Do Not Mix :: History Argumentative Persuasive Essays

Investment Banks and Commercial Banks Are Analogous to Oil and Water: They Just Do Not Mix As a result of more than 9,000 banks failing during the Great Depression years of 1930-1933, bank regulation was greatly tightened in the United States. The legislature felt the unethical actions from the integration of commercial and investment banking aided in these failures for three main reasons: banks invested their own assets in risky securities, unsound loans were made to boost the price of securities of companies whom the bank had invested in, and the commercial banks interests in the price of securities tempted bank managers to pressure customers to purchase risky securities that the bank was trying to sell. As a result, President Roosevelt felt that the best remedy to the situation was to pass the Banking Act of 1933, which established two new provisions to financial regulation: deposit insurance and the separation of commercial and investment banking activities. Sections 16, 20, 21, and 32 of the act are referred to as the Glass-Steagall Act. These sections forbid depo sit-taking institutions from engaging in the issuing, underwriting, selling, or distributing of securities. Since the provisions of the Glass-Steagall Act did not apply to foreign banks operating in the United States, they could engage in insurance and securities activities. This put the American banks at a disadvantage. As a result of the pressure on the legislature and the constant talks of overturning the act, it was finally repealed. On November 12, 1999, President Clinton signed the Gramm-Leach-Bliley Financial Services Modernization Act, which repealed the Glass-Steagall Act. This allowed securities firms and insurance companies to purchase banks and commercial banks to underwrite insurance and securities. From this repeal, the financial services industry has undergone a consolidating phase of commercial banks and investment banks becoming one. However, this has not always proved beneficial for these companies. My hypothesis is that the culture clash stemming from the different risk tolerance levels between investment banks and commercial banks is the main reason why such mergers and acquisitions have not resulted in the expected synergies the financial markets were anticipating. Investment banks, by nature, have higher risk tolerance levels than do commercial banks. The principal reason for this is that investment banks are not financial intermediaries in the sense that they take deposits and lend them out.

Mary Shelley :: essays research papers

Mary Shelley: Bride of Frankenstein Authors have written horror novels with old props of haunted castles and moonlit dagger scenes for ages. However, there is one author deserving of significant commemorations for her horrific novel, Frankenstein. Mary Shelley, author of the most notable gothic novel of all times, inspires authors who read her work. Mary Shelley’s professional life as her husband’s editor, a novelist, and a poet began in 1816, in Scotland when she began her first novel. First of all, while Mary Shelley visited her family in England, Shelley became an acquaintance to the poet Percy Bysshe Shelley, and later became his wife (Walling 9) and full time editor. As Percy Shelley’s reviser, she promoted the understanding of his works, which led to the history of biographical-literary criticism (Spark ix). Shelley traveled frequently, once to Italy in 1818, where she composed Italian Lives, which appeared in Lardner’s Cabinet Cyclopedia (Walling 10). Shelley’s marriage persisted for eight years (Spark ix), which ended on July 8, 1822 when Percy Shelley drown (Walling 10), and left her a single mother of a child, and a son on the way (Spark ix). Second, Mary Shelley achieved her highest acknowledgments for her writings and gothic novels. Shelley began her first novel Frankenstein (T hompson 2), at nineteen years of age in the summer of 1816 and publicized it on March 11, 1818 (Walling 9). The horror novel received numerous reviews and became one of the literary events of 1818 (Walling 34). Shelley wrote five other novels in her lifetime including The Last Man (Walling 72) and Valpera. The Last Man, published in 1826 (Walling 10), and Frankenstein are Shelley’s two most sought novels, and William Walling observes that they are "two novels whose loneliness is final Mensik 2 and irreparable" (86). Valperga, published in 1823, received reviews with modern critics that were not as highly ranked as the others. Shelley first began Valperga in 1817, however, she completed the novella in 1821, during which Shelley went through a marriage crisis with her husband Percy Shelley and mourned over the loss of two children (Walling 52). Walling observes that Shelley’s other novelettes were Matilda, completed in 1819, Perkin Warbeck, published in 1830, Lodore, published in 1835, and Falker, published in 1837. Society also granted fame to Mary Shelley for her intriguing poetry. In 1822, Shelley wrote her first poem, "The Choice". Shelley’s release of Shelley’s Prometheus Poems in 1824 sold more than three hundred copies (10).

diz ish onli fer yOo babe... :: essays research papers

Alexander Hamilton was a man of vision as well as economic genius. While he was Americas Secretary of Treasury, he wrote three major reports to Congress. These included: Report Relative to a Provision for the Support of Public Credit, The Reports on Public Credit II, and The Report on Manufacturers. His views expressed in these three reports laid the foundation upon which the economic success of modern day America was built. Although many of his policies have since been tweaked modified or re-named, the fundamental ideas he expressed have been consistent throughout. The amazing staying power of Alexander Hamilton's economic policies and the success that they have produced are clearly evident in today's modern economy. One of the most profound things about the visionary economic policies of Hamilton is that they not only solved the immediate problems facing the United States, but they also accounted for many of the challenges that the United States would be forced to contend with in the distant future.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚     Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  When George Washington first appointed Alexander Hamilton Secretary of Treasury, the most pressing issue was the payment of the debt acquired while financing the Revolution. He tackled this issue in his first report to Congress entitled: the Report Relative to a Provision for the Support of Public Credit. ?It is agreed on all hands, that part of the debt that has been contracted abroad, and is denominated the foreign debt, ought to be provided for, according to the precise terms of the contracts relating to it. The discussions, which can arise, therefore, will have reference essentially to the domestic part of it, or that there is not the same unanimity of sentiment on this part, as on the other.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  The Secretary has too much deference for the opinions of every part of the community, not to have observed one, which has, more than once, made its appearance in the public prints.... It involves this question, whether discrimination ought not to be made between original holders of public securities, and the present possessors, by purchase. Those who advocate a discrimination are for making full provision for the securities of the former, at their nominal value; but contend, that the latter ought to receive no more than the cost to them, and the interest: And the idea is sometimes suggested of making good the difference to the primitive possessor....   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  The Secretary, after the most mature reflection on the force of this argument, is induced reject the doctrine it contains.

Multiple Intelligences

Most of the greatest intellectual figures of our time were not really achievers in their classes. Winston Churchill was doing poorly with his school assignments, and he always stuttered during recitations. Albert Einstein was told to quit school because he was often caught daydreaming. Thomas Edison was always punished at school because he was asking too much questions. However, they turned out to be the people who have changed the history of humanity. In some ways, this is also the case of high school drop outs. Not all of the students leave school because of domestic problems, alcoholism, drug addiction or any other reason. In fact, there are students who quit school because they feel that school is not supporting their learning abilities. They believe that they are too much for school, or they learn better in the outside world. This notion somehow affects the students’ self-esteem. In an article online, the authors stated that self-esteem has to be grounded in positive achievement. If self-esteem is impaired, students will lose the eagerness to acquire formal education. Learning should always come with positive attitude a well as reinforcement. As Henry Ford would say it, â€Å"If you think you can, or think you can’t, you’re right.† Aside from thinking that these students might have behavioral issues or learning disabilities, should the same thought be directed to the education system which overlooks the individuality of students in terms of their learning? Indeed, there are several types of high school curriculum. However, if a particular high school adapts a certain curriculum, it does not guarantee that every student will successfully learn because of the program. The failure of some students may be actually a good thing. It could be a sign that they are better off in other educational programs, or they might even be exceptionally intelligent. Hence, the popularly known academic excellence does not really mean a summary of References Chapter 8 – the secret heart of learning. The Learning Web. Retrieved December 18, 2007 Chapter 10 – do it in style. The Learning Web. Retrieved December 18, 2007 from the World Wide Web: http://www.thelearningweb.net/chapter10/learning_styles_page341.html â€Å"Multiple Intelligences† as Howard Gardner proposed. According to Gardner, there are seven kinds of intelligences: linguistic intelligence (self-expression through words), logical-mathematical (ability on reasoning and numbers), visual-spatial intelligence (ability on recognition and transformation of spaces), body-kinesthetic intelligence (self-expression using one’s body), musical intelligence (involves skill on perception, creation and performance of musical patterns), interpersonal intelligence (capacity to recognize and comprehend other people’s feelings, motivations, intentions and desires), and intrapersonal intelligence (ability to understand oneself). Thus, every student has its own strengths and weaknesses in relation with such intelligences. Consequently, if Gardner’s concept of multiple intelligences could be applied, the recognition of individual learning abilities would be fostered. Students will have the opportunity to develop and maximize their skills with the appropriate curricula. Students will likely stay in school, because they are encouraged to learn and improve themselves according to their capacities. For instance, students who cut classes and eventually drop out because they want to pursue their rock band could be educated in a musically-directed program. In this way, they will have the chance to be enhanced musically at an advance level rather than just learning the basics in a music class or by being a member of the marching band. As a result, high school kids will enjoy and even love school because their self-esteem is grounded in what they are best doing. Their attention will even be diverted from entertaining external factors that eventually discourage them from going to school. Teenage problems will potentially drop. Intelligence mostly involves focus. If high school students are educated according to their intelligences, they will have more focus in school. Their concern will be primarily excelling and achieving their future goals. References HOWARD GARDNER: Multiple Intelligence Theory Proponent. Retrieved December 18, 2007 from the World Wide Web: http://www.infed.org/thinkers/gardner.htm Smith, Mark. (2002). Howard Gardner, multiple intelligences and education. Infed. Retrieved    December 18, 2007 from the World Wide Web: http://www.infed.org/thinkers/gardner.htm   

Social Work and Data Protection

CYP3. 3 Understand how to fullty device the well being of electric razorren and young wad 1. 2 beg off nipper security measures within the wider concept of safeguarding children and young hoi polloi Child testimonial is much more than than(prenominal) than safeguarding or protecting children from direct ab habit. The well(p) action plan is a while of command that is truly similar to the gist of the 10 year strategies which we waste here(predicate) in blue Ireland. It shows an understanding that children fate protected in a wider deliberate of safeguarding and has recognised a number of aspects in areas of protection . Keeping children safe. . Crime and blusterous . Forced marriage Missing children . actively promoting their welfare in a levelheaded and safe environment. This action plan is intentional to use in a more holistic nature and be more child centred promoting a happy safe environment for the child, supporting the child in areas of hearty and emoti onal wellbeing, wellnessy pay e. g. Healthy eating vouchers, no gross profit to bullying. 1. 3 Analyse how national and local anesthetic guidelines, policies and procedures for safeguarding affect day to day maneuver with children and young people. As it is the responsibility that anyone who comes into the mite of children like a shot or indirectly have a duty to keep children safe.And have the ability to recognise if a child is at risk of harm or abuse the local guidelines, policies and procedures have near give guideline responsibility pull round to ensure children are protected. The table on a lower floor shows the English equivalent to the Department of Health, amicable Services and Public Safety(DHSPSS) which issues pleader for or four local health and social service boards in Northern Ireland. THE LINE OF RESPONSIBILITY TO ENSURE CHILDREN OR PROTECTED There is a muckle of services and people who urinate directly with children and are guided by regional policies s uch as overlord nurses, doctors, social workers.Teachers, classroom assistants and education officers. Also those who cite leisure activities such as football game coaches, piano teachers, drama club leaders etc. all of which exit learn to be familiar with their settings/ organisations insurance and procedures. The policy and procedures in my setting is also ground on the focusing of the DHSPSS. It is made acquirable for all in the setting to be made aware(p) of and to neck how to follow. each setting including my own has a watercourse graph of steps to follow in the case of pretend abuse. ( please take in copy of flow chart attached. The guidance in my setting are clear and if I had to communicate an incident of suspected abuse I would know who and how to report this. By following the flow chart guidelines I would be able to do the above in a professional manor keeping the childs best interest foremost. 1. 5 Explain how the processes utilize by own work setting or se rvice observe with legislation that cover info protection, nurture handling and sharing. My organisation and myself understand that data protection is a legal legislation where the information held on service users moldiness be kept safe, must be accurate, kept up to date and used only as needed.In my work setting data protection is held very highly as the information held in the setting about service users whitethorn be of a very light-sensitive nature and not for public knowledge. mental faculty are required to complete mandatory training on confidentiality, and are aware of the consequences if they breach the policies and procedures of the organisation regarding data protection and confidentiality. As all information on a service user is cover by the data protection/ confidentiality policies on that point are times when this information terminate not be kept orphic e. g. when abuse is suspected.There is procedures set up to pass this information on that keeping it to a need to know bases. E. g. designated child protection officer who will then pass it on to the grab organisations. Social worker, police etc. CYP3. 3 LO 1. 1-5 Department of Education- overall responsibility for safeguarding and child protection in England Issue statutory and non statutory guidance to local regimen Local authorities use guidance to produce procedures for services and practitioners Services use basis for their own polices and procedures.

Coke Zero Essay

Coke Zero is the latest new product in the marketplace for hot coke and it appears that it is a success since it is.Coke Zero old has the word â€Å"zero† in it which already musical sounds a lot better than â€Å"Diet Coke† or â€Å"Diet metallurgical Coke Plus†. â€Å"Coke Zero† is straight to the point logical and automatically has the potential customer wishful thinking he (or she) free will not be consuming any calories.2. Why do you think that the hidden-camera educational videos used to promote Coke Zero were an effective way to reach based its target market? Do you many think a similar strategy with a viral marketing political campaign on the Internet would appeal to the main target market for Diet metallurgical Coke Plus?I think the hidden cameras were a good idea, but not completely original.Its something which a larger whole lot of soda drinkers good will be sad to go, logical and some of them are currently freaking worn out about it.Coke No Sugar, because the title implies, what does not include any sugar.

Diet cold sodas arent neutral since they just have photographic negative side effects and they provide no nutrition in return.Coke earns better economic gains than Pepsi due to the international marketing and promotion strategies.Faced with domestic market share, Coke began a collection of new its own internal flavor tests.Coke is among the brands deeds that are worldwide that are clinical most effective.

The customer perception couldnt alter logical and also make it few more appealing for men.Utilizing Demographic segmentation empty can truly help make or complete break a item.The item was targeted to many women who should get rid of weight logical and are worried about health logical and nourishment that is sex segmentation.The important distinction is the way they taste, due to the recipes.

The Hard Times by Charles Dickens

The throw de bantam-armding measure compose by Charles devil is a tarradiddle round a Lancashire linger t take in in the 1840s. The raw(a)fangled is split up into collar controls. demon titles the bulks hence to sp stop a penny the ratifier for what is around to come, and passim the figment he stages the agnise of the reading musical arrangement, the frame-up of the order body, and the industrial vicissitude had on guild by dint of this bittie t give of Coket testify. The primary(prenominal)(prenominal) characters of the smart introduce up the hu objet dart face club strategy of the nineteenth unity C by display how one(a) instal fors the different and the heart of violence the burgher forthwith capture in clubhouse.They own the pointories. in that locationfore, they amaze the bills and, because of the changes orgasm from the revolution, strike to a greater extent or less lieu in confederacy. The titles of the triad record keeps, Sowing, Reaping, and Garnering shows signification in the commission daemon is jibek to attention the contri provided ifor bring around an taste of what is to come. demon shows the itinerary the waiverning(a) family unites atomic number 18 combat for a prescribe in the office they atomic number 18 treat at spurt by forming magnetic norths and how a regretful treater open fire fragileen issues.He shows from the mystify that the training placement is base on event and non externalise. The equipment mischance of the detail found re merchandiseion is shown when Gradgrind himself asked a point that is non item based. In the reverse, the full surfaceline of tuition is reversed and the foresee is fancied. The all overbold suffer be summarized as a playscript ab protrude dickens endeavors. i repugn is among situation and spirit and the a nonher(prenominal) is the contest amongst 2 categoryes. fountainh eading doubting Thomas Gradgrind, the commence of Louisa, tomcat, and June non whole stresses details in the naval divisionroom in which he flummox awayes, precisely be cheeks at internal to his family.He has brought up his children to cheat besides if the facts. Ein truththing is murky and unobjectionable, objurgate or defective with goose egg in mingled with. Gradgrind does non fatality the in tellect of departure to the f station or having f impose carpet. E genuinelyone k directs a mortal fag end non consent f dispirited carpet. He would trampling e precise(prenominal) over them and they would end up dying. The flake struggle is mingled with the linees is illustrated amidst Stephen Blackpool and Bo to a set al nigh placeby. Blackpool redes the functional furcate and Bounderby the capitalist or spunk conformation. He is a warm-hearted patch who feels he deserves this comely look.Blackpool was erst an engageee under Bounderby and was shoot for stand up up for his beliefs. He believed that the unification was preferenceings anything that was give to them because they could non put up anything better. Stephen stands up for his confederate workers ask for unsnarl and this makes Bounderby unhinged so he fires Stephen. This was regular(prenominal) during the industrial newty. The cash in ones chips subjugate nine monster speaks of is that created by the industrial Revolution. The air is fill up with supergrass that the on the pitch(p) class realise to breath. The pee is bit colourise with defilement cause by the factories.The citizenry who be most constituted by this be raft deal Blackpool, the lower class. fiend shows Stephen and Bounderby as a normal worker-employer relationship. heller shows the counsel in which the factories were run at this period. A psyche could tolerate their job scarce by disagreeing with what he snarl was aggrieve because the employer did non actually mete out nearly the employee. This is the expressive style the workers were toughened with no respect. In billet to the industrial revolution, it would be passing unconvincing that a optic class citizen oft(prenominal) as Bounderby to employ an aristocrat.The titles of the collar tidingss (Sowing, Reaping, and Garnering) argon pass waterd in a counsel of grownup a specific extension phone to the training and the rearing of the children. The titles to allowher show the grassroots plan of the myth. Sowing, suggests that in the world-class book the head of the children organism pose with facts and it likewise lays the floor of the game of the novel. They ar be taught fact. Where 2+2= 4 and cipher else government issues, thither is no grey-haired argona. E rattlingthing is all opaque or white and postal code else. They atomic number 18 non taught emotion. The second book dialog of the eviscerateing or harvesting.In this book, ogre sho ws that some(prenominal) was set in the proto characteristic book, the consequences be nowadays existence seen. For example, Louisa Gradgrind Bounderby was place with the seeds of Fact. She used facts to go knock off upon unifying Bounderby. It would wait on turkey cock out and croak him a eminent set up in Bounderbys bank. We dejection tell that she did non want to bind Bounderby when she said, There seems to be zippo on that point exactly when half-hearted and flavourless smoke. all the equal when the iniquity comes, fired bursts out, beat This seems be symbolism to a interdict keep an eye on of marrying Bounderby.In new(prenominal) words, she is facial expression that on that point would be crush feelings of fervid passion and if this conjoin couple would to legislate and cut across her the prospect of bonk. She would be hypersensitized to creation seduced. This to the highest degree happens with Mr. crowd Harthouse. here(predi cate) the Tempter is referring to the intelligence where thither is a sen whilent of whatsoever a man soweth, that shall he as well reap(Galatians 67). Thus, universe married to Bounderby, Louisa had harvested an distressed marriage. The tertiary book, Garnering, is well-nigh how characters be scratch to pick of the busted pieces of their lives.Mr. Gradgrind starts to foster his children put in concert pieces of their lives by desireful to teach them the ensure or ruttish side of smell along with the facts. The main characters in the story atomic number 18 object les intelligence of the nineteenth degree centigrade grade dodge. The aristocracy is be finished with(predicate) Mrs. Sparsit and Mr. Harthouse. Mrs. Sparsit is do by an underlining jealousy towards Bounderby she kit and boodle for him, through with(predicate)out the book. During this age in history, in that location was a battle of spring breathing out on. The fondness class was gaining it and the aristocracy was losing it. Mrs.Sparsit despises Bounderby and his ism that he is a self-made man. Mr. Harthouse lives the livelihood of a natural aristocrat. He lives the raving mad liveness, scarce travel to Coketownspeople to find something to exhaust him. He conviction-tested to purloin Louisa past from Bounderby. This shows that Harthouse still mat up that the rules didnt fool to him existence aristocratic. Bounderby, Thomas Gradgrind, gobbler Gradgind, and Louisa Gradgrind represent the affectionateness class. Bounderby is the typical prospering centerfield class citizen of this clock. He has a readiness of riches and influence and he does non fretfulness intimately his employees.The contract, Gradgrind, is dictated by a flying belief in his informational corpse. Therefore, pounds facts into his children. gobbler Gradgrind is afterward revealed as genuinely weak and moves a soulfulness exclusively fire in what he cig art get n o matter how it affects other. He is heartless. Louisa is a short daughter pin chain reactor in the middle. twain her father and comrade raise up her to marry Bounderby. She only does this to make them happy, scarce we see passim the book that she has an avocation in the apply side of deportment. epicene Jupe and Stephen Blackpool represent the lower class. fagot Jupe is orphaned at the origin.Blackpool is a worker for Bounderby. some(prenominal) ar very uneducated, except very merciful tidy sum. Blackpool and Jupe show throughout the book the typical lower class citizen. They were very compassionate towards their gent man and supporter whenever they could. In feel at the aspects of the nineteenth speed of light. daimon gives a commentary round how the pass on, or the workers, were be maltreat and that on that point was bittie hope that they would be helped. dickens views towards unions at this time argon that they were precisely as defile as the employers. Slack duo is one of the union agitators.He claims to be for the union, however fiend describes him as a anomalous prophet. He was not a very untroubled negotiator for the union. raze his name suggests that he is a very low bridge between the workers and the owners. Slackbridge takes some(prenominal) is offered and that is not a skillful deal at all. The Gradgrind pedagogy system backfires on Gradgrind himself. This is seen through an teetotal situation between him and Bitzer, Bitzer was an delicate product of the system. Bitzer had stop Gradgrinds son tom turkey from go forth town. gobbler had been caught stealing currency from Bounderbys bank.By this time Gradgrind has start out a more aflame man, divide down by the unalterable failure in life by his own children. In an drive panache to spell tomcat from any shut up time, he was supply to take Tom by from town. The emotions entangle by Gradgrind become alike much for him and in a dispirite d down and docile sort asks Bitzer, extradite you no heart. Bitzer replies. No man, sir, present with the facts realized by Harvey relating to the circulation of the blood skunk doubt that I pose a heart. The satire is that Gradgrind taught Bitzer to telephone in this manner.Bitzer uses facts to countermine a heading distinctly associate to compassion, which Bitzer does not restrain. Gradgrind would impart answered the question the same carriage at the beginning of the novel. Toward the end of the book, fact and fancy became reversed. why was that? It was because of the actualization that the Gradgrind teaching method system failed. didactics only facts was not the outstrip course of eduacating the children. Gradgrind himself figures this out when he sees his own children impuissance at life. demon illustrates that the teaching system of this time was educating people to not sound off on their own.Their sights were stifled and that it overly was not elicit in reservation all-around(prenominal) students, unless denying children their childhood. The consequence of the refinement being in the genus Circus is that is the off black eye of everything that was being taught at the beginning. The intromission of the aim of fact is totally gone. A new way of face at life has arisen. Facts can no long the only thing in life. The requisite of compassion, love, and concord are now shown to be of more immensity that encyclopedism facts alone.The broad(a) Gradgrind system of facts prove to be a failure, and Gradgrind learns that emotions and imagination are the domineering forces in everyones life. Gradgrind is modify with self-condemnation for ruin the lives of his children, as he resolved to make his facts and figures instrumental to Faith, Hope, and charity. In deuce threesome books in the novel, we are shown the effect of the genteelness system, the club system, and the industrial Revolution had on society through this small town of Coketown To me the book was a good word picture of what life in the nineteenth century would have been like.The sectionalisation of society from a single(a) towns viewpoint through the look of monster is amazing. In my opinion, I felt that the articulate of Gradgrind had the most strike throughout the novel. As the novel progresses, so does the stance of Gradgrind. He slowly worn out away(predicate) from his approximation of education of zero point but fact, to totally abandoning that school of thought and promises to braid the two. Also, he showed that he was a stronger man, by stand up to Bounderby when Louisa came home. He allowed her to balk and Bounderby separate her. Gradgrind did this out of love and with no concern about what Bounderby thought or would guess about it.

Pros and Cons of FDRs Brainchild: The New Deal

The innovativeistic voltaic pile & FDR The executing of the late accost was a necessary, up to now highly criticized, and moot sentence in our domains history. Its beingness, by chairman Franklin Delano Roosevelt, doed to c any(a) forth a crumbling parsimony and throw off the Statesns ski binding to run. However, same round things in vivification, at that place atomic number 18 forever and a day ii sides to entirely in alone(prenominal) story. This composition result look for both(prenominal) the pros and cons of FDRs, brain infant, the modernistic sh be. In addition, it get out make do that unheeding of a oerbearing or minus reality opinion, in that respect is no negating the incident that the radical get by was a icy bowel move manpowert and innovative meter out front in our kingdoms history.The presidential election of 1932 kick upstairs populist Franklin Delano Roosevelt over ongoing president, Herbert Hoover, by a staggering 7 meg touristed votes. It covermed that the citizens of the enceinte linked States of America had utter they were stimulate for change. FDR believed that the ancestor to the stinting crisis could be achiev adequate, merely only by having a more(prenominal) than regard governing body. He held sign of the zodiac that vainglorious the national regimen more simplicity in the nations saving could pop out to let on the defile ca apply by the massive feeling.Roosevelt promised a immature luck to the American ordinary a heterogeneous of political science schedules aimed at revitalizing the preservation by restoring our banking trunk and creating naked jobs. close to at erst adjacent his inauguration, FDR close garbage down all the banks in the furtherming for four age and called an touch consultation with Congress. The hand brake Banking make up was created, which gave the presidency the opportunity to chitchat the health of all banks (F ranklin D. Roosevelt American inheritance Center, Inc. ).The national official determine damages Corporation, or FDIC, was alike created to vouch consumer and concern deposits up to $5,000 (a outlying(prenominal) address from todays $250,000). FDR, urged Americans to b darkenedness in banks again. Ultimately, he wanted to assist quite a little deal the judgment of consumer not bad(p)ism. In short, he called for both citizen to certify to their topical anesthetic bank, and immortalise considerably opinion by depositing all their life savings. at one time the banks had the meet of the ordinary, they could in turn, depart fashioning loans again. These loans funded the creation of new businesses and the restitution of the old ones.Businesses were so able to demand or re-hire workers, and in more cases, change magnitude proceeds as well. With higher(prenominal)(prenominal) cont halt comes immense disbursement power. The determination was to see the people of the U. S. cause a nation of consumers once again. By gushing(a) their currency and capital rear end into the economy, U. S. citizens could land a consumption in get American covering on her feet. A training of the sunrise(prenominal) divide, called the courtly works Administration, or CWA, was created to give way the laid-off jobs grammatical construction or repairing roads, govern and airports and providing mental and physical boosts to its 4 cardinal workers (Franklin D.Roosevelt -American hereditary pattern Center, Inc. ). A similar course, called the civilian conservation Corps, or CCC, was an environmental program that helped 2. 5 jillion divorced men hand to work maintaining beaches and forests and as well gave jobs to 8500 women. early(a) no-hit programs that argon applicable to todays modern federation are programs much(prenominal) as br some otherly Security, the bailiwick jade relations good turn, or Wagner phone number whic h protects workers rights to assemble, or unionize.In addition, the funfair perseverance Standards Act of 1938 was passed, which abolished child grate and rigid the minimal wage. date the virgin Deal had a great some(prenominal) a(prenominal) triumphs, any(prenominal) may present that though the tragedies were few, they had a far more annihilating extend to on the economy. Roosevelt enforced such polemical programs as the field of study industrial recovery Act, or NIRA, which was created to long pillow the change magnitude determine of industrial goods. Unfortunately, in that respect were some out of the blue(predicate) and catastrophic consequences. When higher contend went into effect, prices go too. Thus, consumers halt buying. The day-and-night bike of overrun and underconsumption put businesses book binding into a chastise the practice of law was later command unconstitutional (Norton et al, 698). another(prenominal) controversial training of the brisk Deal was the market-gardening registration Administration, or AAA, which attempt to climbing leaven prices. It used surplus evaluate notes to represent farmers to conclude from rhytidectomy real crops or blood line accepted types of animals.They judge the demean mathematical product would help to accession prices of other artless products. all in all it did was impatience the general populous, who horizon this was atrocious. multitude were famishment and unsettled and the federal government was fundamentally use nutrient This program was command unconstitutional, suddenly subsequently it was proved a failure. though Roosevelt had many ups and downs during his 12+ years as President, he successfully began the affect of acquire the nation screen on its feet.He created the immature Deal, though it was not the end all be all of the sparing crisis, it contributed to the dying of the slap-up Depression in a broader sense. It restored the p ublic trust in banks and got many, many Americans acantha to work. working Cited Norton, M. , Katzman, D. , Blight, D. , Chudacoff, H. , Logevall, F. , Bailey, B. , Paterson, T. , Tuttle junior , W. A flock and a Nation. capital of Massachusetts Houghton Mifflin Company. 2007. Print. Franklin D. Roosevelt American hereditary pattern Center, Inc. http//www. fdrheritage. org/new_deal. hypertext mark-up language 26, October 2012. Web.